Portable gas canisters are ubiquitous in various applications, playing a vital role from outdoor camping to everyday cooking. Among the numerous options available, two primary types stand out: aerosol canisters (also known as clamp-on or bayonet-style) and screw thread canisters (featuring a Lindal valve). This article aims to elucidate the key differences between these two main types, helping users make informed decisions based on their specific needs. The widespread use of both types of canisters underscores the need for a clear distinction to avoid confusion and ensure safe and effective usage.

• Definition and Typical Contents: Aerosol canisters typically contain 100% liquefied butane or isobutane.It is important to note that while “aerosol canister” is often associated with pure butane, some types, particularly those used for refilling or tools, may also contain propellants.The most common size is 227 grams, sometimes referred to as “MSF-1a” or “A4”.The primary use of pure butane suggests its limitations in colder temperatures due to its high boiling point.

• Mechanism of Action: Aerosol canisters utilize a “bayonet” or “clip-on” connector, allowing for quick and secure attachment and detachment. One advantage of this design is that it prevents thread wear on stoves that might also use threaded canisters, which can occur from repeated screwing and unscrewing. When discussing refillable aerosol canisters, it’s essential to understand the role of propellants in expelling gas. These aerosol cans, such as hairspray, contain propellants to help discharge the contents. The convenience of the clip-on connector may make it popular in certain applications, but its compatibility may be limited compared to the more standardized screw thread.  

• Common Applications: Aerosol canisters are widely used in tabletop gas stoves for homes and restaurants, especially in East Asia. They are also suitable for outdoor cooking in warmer conditions. Additionally, aerosol canisters are commonly used for refilling camping torches and lighters, as well as powering tools like soldering irons. The primary use of aerosol canisters in domestic settings in specific regions explains their high production volume and lower cost.  

• Definition and Typical Contents: Screw thread canisters are commonly used for camping and backpacking. They typically contain a mixture of isobutane and propane. Common sizes include 100g, 220g/250g, and 445g/500g. These canisters feature a self-sealing “Lindal valve” with a 7/16-inch UNEF thread, conforming to the EN 417 standard. The use of mixed gases in screw thread canisters indicates better performance in lower temperatures compared to pure butane.  

• Mechanism of Action: Screw thread canisters connect to stoves via a screw-on mechanism. The design of the Lindal valve allows for resealing and removal of the canister even if it is not completely empty. This resealable valve offers greater flexibility and convenience for multi-day trips, contrasting with the often single-use-until-empty nature of some aerosol canisters.  

• Common Applications: Screw thread canisters are primarily used with canister-top and remote canister stoves for camping and backpacking. Due to the presence of propane, they are particularly suitable for year-round use, including temperatures below freezing. Furthermore, they are also used in some lanterns and gas torches. The association of screw thread canisters with outdoor activities and colder environments aligns with their mixed gas composition designed for lower boiling points.

• Aerosol cans use a constant-pressure release mechanism with an internal spring valve (per ASTM D3064 standard).
• Threaded canisters feature an adjustable pressure regulator, allowing users to control output pressure (per CGA V-1 standard).

• Aerosol cans are typically made of tin-plated steel (0.18-0.25mm thickness) with a burst pressure ≥1.6x working pressure.
• Threaded canisters use high-strength aluminum alloy (Grade 6061-T6) with a burst pressure ≥3x working pressure (per ISO 9809-1).

(Data source: National Propane Gas Association whitepaper)

Cost and Availability: Aerosol canisters are generally cheaper due to lower manufacturing costs and high production volumes, especially in East Asia. They are widely available in supermarkets, hardware stores, and Asian food stores. Conversely, screw thread canisters are more expensive due to lower production volumes, higher specifications (stronger metal, more expensive valves), and branding by stove manufacturers. They are typically sold in outdoor equipment stores. The price difference is largely influenced by the target market and scale of production. Aerosol canisters benefit from economies of scale driven by large domestic consumption, while screw thread canisters cater to a more niche market.  

Temperature Performance: Aerosol canisters containing pure butane have limited performance below freezing point (approximately -1°C/30.2°F at sea level). Screw thread canisters containing propane can operate at much lower temperatures (propane’s boiling point is -42°C/-44°F). Isobutane in screw thread canisters also performs better than butane in cool weather. It’s worth noting that the performance of butane canisters might improve at higher altitudes due to lower atmospheric pressure. Temperature performance is a critical distinction, making screw thread canisters the preferred choice for outdoor enthusiasts venturing into colder regions and higher altitudes.

• Aerosol Canisters:
  • Pros:
    • Cost-effective due to lower manufacturing costs and high availability.  
    • Easy to connect to compatible tabletop stoves and some other appliances using the bayonet connector.  
    • Widely available in supermarkets and general retail stores in many regions.  
    • It can be used with appropriate adapters to refill other canisters.  
    • In some cases, may be lighter than screw thread canisters.  
  • Cons:
    • Poorer performance in cold weather due to pure butane content and higher boiling point.  
    • May require adapters to be used with standard threaded camping stoves, adding complexity and potential leak risks.  
    • Connection may be less secure compared to screw thread for certain applications.  
    • Caps on some aerosol canisters may not be very secure, potentially leading to gas leaks during transport if the valve is accidentally depressed.  
  • The advantages of aerosol canisters lie primarily in their cost and ease of use for general purposes in warmer weather, while the disadvantages are their performance limitations in cold conditions and potential compatibility issues with specialized outdoor equipment. This highlights the different trade-offs based on the intended application.
• Screw Thread Canisters:
  • Pros:
    • Better performance in cold weather and at high altitudes due to the mixture of propane and isobutane and lower boiling points.  
    • Resealable valves allow for convenient connection and disconnection, making them ideal for multi-day trips.  
    • Standardized screw thread connection (EN 417) ensures compatibility with most backpacking stoves and related equipment.  
    • Available in various sizes to suit different trip lengths and needs.  
    • Generally considered more secure for backpacking due to the robust screw connection.
  • Cons:
    • More expensive compared to aerosol butane canisters.  
    • May not be as readily available in regular supermarkets or convenience stores, primarily sold in outdoor equipment specialty stores.  
    • Empty canisters can contribute to waste if recycling options are not readily available.  
  • Screw thread canisters prioritize performance and convenience for outdoor and potentially cold-weather activities, justifying their higher cost and specialized availability. The resealable valve and standardized connection are significant advantages for backpackers and campers.

1. Outdoor & Camping Use

• Threaded canisters maintain stable output even in -30°C conditions, making them ideal for high-altitude stoves.
• Aerosol cans suffer from poor atomization above 3,000m altitude (due to Boyle’s Law).

2. Industrial & Medical Use

• Threaded systems allow rapid refilling (30 sec for 1 lb. propane), improving efficiency.
• Aerosol cans are better for precise doses (e.g., medical sprays).

3. Storage & Safety

• Aerosol cans must avoid direct sunlight (risk of overpressure above 50°C).
• Threaded canisters require O-ring inspections every 6 months (per CGA E-4 standard).

4. Professional Buying Decision Matrix

(Decision model adapted from （Compressed Gas Association guidelines)

Donyan Butane Fuel Gas AW-802

Butane fuel gas portable cassette gas cylinder is suitable for mobile cassette stove, fire gun and other equipment.

Suitable for camping outdoor cooking.

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Cold Pressure resistant butane fuel gas tank

 

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Usage Preferences: Which Type Should You Choose?

• Recommendations Based on Activity:
  • For casual outdoor cooking, picnics, or using tabletop stoves in warm weather, aerosol butane canisters offer a cost-effective solution.  
  • For camping and backpacking, especially in cold conditions or at high altitudes, screw thread isobutane/propane mix canisters are the preferred choice due to their reliable performance.  
  • It’s important to note that for international travel, researching the availability of each type in the destination country is crucial, and considering dual-fuel stoves or adapters might be beneficial.  
• Considerations for Different Types of Stoves and Equipment:
  • Emphasizing the importance of checking the compatibility of the canister with the stove or appliance being used is crucial.  
  • Highlighting that certain stoves are designed for specific types of canisters (e.g., bistro stoves for resealable/aerosol types, most backpacking stoves for threaded types).  
  • Reiterating the role of adapters in allowing some stoves to use different types of canisters. The choice of canister is heavily influenced by the existing stove or equipment. Users may need to consider purchasing adapters or even different stoves based on their preferred canister type or its availability in their region or travel destination. This highlights the interconnectedness of fuel and equipment choices.  

Safety, Regulations, and Standards:

• Briefly outline general safety guidelines for storing and using both types of canisters:
  • Keep away from heat sources and direct sunlight to prevent explosions.  
  • Do not puncture or incinerate, even when empty.  
  • Use in a well-ventilated area.
  • Store upright in a secure place.  
• Mentioning the EN 417 standard, which applies to non-refillable metallic cartridges containing liquefied petroleum gases, particularly relevant to screw thread canisters used in camping.  
• Briefly mentioning regulations related to transporting gas canisters, especially in vehicles and aircraft.  
• Adherence to safety guidelines and standards is paramount to prevent accidents and ensure the safe use of both types of gas canisters. Understanding these regulations is important for both storage and transportation.

Recycling and Disposal:

• Discussing the proper disposal of aerosol canisters, noting that they may be considered hazardous waste if not completely empty.  
• Explaining the process of emptying screw thread canisters using tools like the Donyan or similar, by puncturing the canister and releasing any residual gas before recycling as scrap metal.  
• Emphasizing the importance of checking local recycling regulations, as they may vary.  
• Highlighting the environmental concerns associated with improper disposal of pressurized containers. Proper disposal and recycling are crucial to minimizing the environmental impact of gas canisters. While screw thread canisters have tools and guidelines to facilitate this process, the disposal of aerosol canisters may require different considerations due to potential hazardous contents.  

Aerosol and screw thread gas canisters differ significantly in connector type, gas composition, pressure, cost, temperature performance, and typical applications. The optimal choice depends on the user’s specific needs, intended use (e.g., casual cooking vs. serious backpacking), the type of stove or equipment, and environmental conditions. Careful consideration of these factors will ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.